Abbreviations and Acronyms

AASHTO

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

ACS

Access control system

ANPR

Automated number plate recognition

ATAC

Agency for Bus and Railway Transport in Rome

ATM

Active traffic management

AVV

Transport Research Center in the Netherlands

CO

Carbon monoxide

DfT

Department for Transport

DRIP

Dynamic route information panel

DTM

Dynamic traffic management

EC

European Commission

EU

European Union

FHWA

Federal Highway Administration

GDP

Gross domestic product

GPS

Global Positioning System

HA

Highways Agency

HOT

High occupancy toll

HOV

High occupancy vehicle

ITS

Intelligent transportation systems

km

kilometer

km/h

kilometers per hour

KVB

Transport Company of Cologne

MIDAS

Motorway incident detection and automatic signaling

mi/h

miles per hour

MM

Mobility management

MTM

Motorway traffic management

NHI

National Highway Institute

NOx

Nitrogen oxides

NTI

National Transit Institute

NRW

North Rhine Westphalia

NVVP

National Transport Plan

OBU

Onboard unit

PM

Particulate matter

RDS-TMC

Radio Data System-Traffic Message Channel

RWS

Ministry of Transport, Public Works, and Water Management

SMS

Short message service

SRA

Swedish Road Administration

STA

Mobility Services for Rome

SVV2

Second Transport Structure Plan

SWINGH

Working Together in the Greater Hague Region

TDM

Transportation demand management

TfL

Transport for London

TMC

Traffic or transportation management center

USDOT

U.S. Department of Transportation

VKT

Vehicle kilometers traveled

VMS

Variable message sign

ZTL

Limited traffic zone